What are the signs of fluid overload in IV therapy?

Fluid overload occurs when there is an excessive amount of fluid in the blood or body tissues, commonly a concern during IV therapy. The signs associated with fluid overload primarily reflect the body's response to increased fluid volume.

Hypertension, one of the key signs, indicates that the heart is working harder due to the increased volume of blood, leading to elevated blood pressure. Edema, or swelling, is a result of the fluid accumulating in the interstitial spaces, often noticeable in the extremities or around the eyes. Difficulty breathing, a serious symptom, can arise from pulmonary congestion or fluid accumulation in the lungs, making it challenging for the patient to breathe normally.

These manifestations clearly indicate a physiological response to excess fluid, which is why this choice accurately represents the signs of fluid overload during IV therapy. Recognizing these symptoms is crucial for timely intervention to prevent further complications.