Name a complication associated with TPN.

Hyperglycemia is a well-known complication associated with Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN). When patients receive TPN, they are provided with a nutrient-rich solution intravenously, which includes carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals. One of the primary components of TPN solutions is glucose. If the provided glucose is more than the patient's insulin can manage, particularly in those who may be insulin resistant or have underlying diabetes, it can lead to elevated blood sugar levels.

Monitoring blood glucose levels is crucial for patients on TPN, as unmanaged hyperglycemia can result in various complications like increased risk of infections, osmotic diuresis, and potentially a diabetic crisis if left unaddressed. It's important for healthcare providers to adjust the carbohydrate content of the TPN or administer insulin as needed to maintain blood glucose levels within a normal range.

The other options, while they may be related to TPN or can occur in other contexts, are not as directly tied to the implications of carbohydrate management inherent in TPN therapy.