How can an air embolism occur during IV therapy?

An air embolism can occur during IV therapy primarily when air is introduced into the bloodstream through the IV line. This can happen when the IV line is improperly primed, when air is left in the line after connection, or if there is a loose connection that enables air to enter during infusion. When air bubbles enter the circulatory system, they can cause serious complications, including obstruction of blood vessels, which may lead to reduced blood flow and potential damage to organs.

Primarily, the risk is associated with the integrity of the IV line and how it is managed during setup and infusion. Proper technique is essential to ensure that air is removed from the system before it is connected to the patient. Avoiding air embolisms is a critical responsibility of healthcare providers working with IV therapy.